What physical characteristic does a cantilevered retaining wall utilize?

A cantilevered retaining wall is designed to utilize the leverage provided by its overhanging structure to maintain stability and resist the lateral pressure exerted by the soil behind it. This type of wall typically has a relatively thin stem that extends vertically, while a horizontal slab, known as the heel, projects into the retained soil. The weight of the wall combined with the leverage from the horizontal section enhances its ability to counteract the forces acting on it, allowing it to remain stable without the need for additional support.

While gravity and the soil's weight may contribute to the overall stability of a retaining wall, the defining characteristic of a cantilevered retaining wall is the leverage it derives from its overhanging components. This design allows for effective handling of substantial soil loads while minimizing the material and space needed compared to other wall types.